Deformation monitoring

The problem of deformation has existed along centuries and each epoch tried to depict the factors leading to its occurrence, as well as to find out the procedures and measures of reducing its risks. One of the factors combining these important elements is the deformation monitoring dealing with the survey and control of deformation. There can be stated the following definition for deformation check:

Control of deformation (frequently used as deformation monitoring) can be identified as the process of permanent survey and checking of changes within the form or sizes following the impact of exterior, interior factors or resulted from functional weights. The survey of deformation constitutes an important counterpart of erosion deliberate figures which are available for the process of calculation, estimation of the level of deformation, prognostic upkeep or startling, as such.

The deformation control has got its practical application for more domains of human activity, but mainly within the polytechnic or exact spheres, like: civil building and construction, automatic engineering, plant designing, projection and preparation of construction sites, survey and analysis of soils and grounds etc.

There are plenty of exterior and interior factors which determine the necessity of conducting analysis and works related to the deformation monitoring. Modern science instruments more modalities and techniques of survey and control of the level of deformation. The basic ones can be subdivided into two major components:

• a) manual deformation monitoring (using equipment and tools by hand for the purpose of the control of the level of deformation); and
• b) automatic deformation monitoring (a set of interconnected software and hardware on deformation survey not requiring the manual instrumentation).

The main objective of the deformation monitoring is reducing the risk factors during the construction process and exploitation of objects of infrastructure and buildings used by people.